tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-49634546609124397922024-03-05T12:06:15.687+05:30Indefinite Info.| good latest readThis is a blog by Yashvir Singh aka Hunny Sulhan, which will share random articles from many different topics from minor to major. Scientific and non-scientific subjects.Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.comBlogger451125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-37860165736367201762022-08-19T18:08:00.001+05:302022-08-19T18:08:48.413+05:30Mom charged with leaving her 6-month-old baby in hot car for 5 hoursThe infant’s death and that of a child in Arkansas Tuesday who was found unresponsive in a closed vehicle brings the total number of hot car deaths among youngsters to 18 this year.
By Marianne Mizera, AccuWeather front page editor
Published Aug. 17, 2022 3:38 AM IST | Updated Aug. 17, 2022 5:28 AM IST
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A Louisiana mother has been charged with second-degree murder in the death of her 6-month-old infant who police said was left in a hot SUV for five hours on Sunday.
In separate incident that occurred Tuesday, police in Fort Smith, Arkansas, are investigating the death of a young child who was found inside a closed car for an unknown amount of time. A good Samaritan saw the child inside the stifling hot vehicle and smashed in a window to pull the youngster out. The person then rushed the child to the hospital, but he died soon after.
Temperatures topped 102 degrees Fahrenheit there on Tuesday, according to AccuWeather data.
In the Louisiana case, authorities charged Ivy L. Lee, 22, of Lake Charles, with leaving her baby in a vehicle from 10:30 a.m. until 3:30 p.m., outside a building where she worked in the city. Temperatures in Lake Charles climbed into the 80s on Sunday, reaching a high of 89 F, according to AccuWeather data.
The Calcasieu Parish Sheriff’s Office said Lee flagged down a sheriff's deputy about 2 miles from work around 3:45 p.m. and told him the baby was not breathing.
The deputy and other officers who arrived on the scene began CPR on the child, who was then transported to a local hospital where she later died.
The Sheriff’s Office said that the mother had initially given the deputies two different stories about what happened to her daughter, before finally telling them she had left the baby in the car while she worked.
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Ivy L. Lee, 22, of Lake Charles, Louisiana, was charged with second-degree murder in the death of her infant daughter, who she left in her SUV for five hours on Aug. 14, 2022. (Photo/Calcasieu Parish Sheriff’s Office)
Lee is being held in Calcasieu Correctional Center on a $1.2 million bond, the Sheriff’s Office said.
Data collected by the nonprofit Kids and Car Safety organization shows that more than 1,000 children have died in hot cars since 1990, with most age 3 and younger. At least another 7,300, the group notes, survived but with varying severities of injuries.
These latest fatalities bring the total number of child hot car deaths to 18 for the year – all involving children 5 and younger, according to Kids and Car Safety, which tracks figures nationwide.
The state of Louisiana ranks No. 5 in the nation with a total of 44 child hot car deaths since 1995, the group said.
Experts note that cars become an oven within minutes of being closed. Data has shown that 80% of the temperature increase inside a car occurs in the first 10 minutes, according to Amber Rollins, director of the national non-profit organization KidsandCars.org.
“It's important for families to understand that it doesn't have to be 90 degrees outside for a child to suffer from heatstroke inside of a vehicle," Rollins previously told AccuWeather.
"We've seen children who have died in hot cars on days where the outside temperature was in the 50s or 60s outside, believe it or not, and that's because a vehicle does act like a greenhouse, so it allows that heat to come in through the windows, traps it inside and it's an oven; it heats up very quickly."
Some of the other child hot car deaths reported this year include:
• A 3-year-old girl was found unresponsive in a car in Carthage, Missouri, on Friday. The child was taken to a hospital in Joplin before being flown to a critical care hospital in Springfield. She was pronounced dead the next day, police told local media. AccuWeather data showed temps topped 94 degrees for the day. It was unclear how long the girl had been in the hot vehicle and whether the child was inadvertently left in the vehicle or if the child got in on her own.
• An infant died on Aug. 9 after being left in a hot car in Washington, D.C.
• A toddler died in May after he was left for six hours in a hot vehicle parked outside a daycare center in Memphis, Tennessee.
• A 5-year-old boy in June was accidentally left in a car for several hours in the Houston area as the family prepared to celebrate the birthday of his 8-year-old sister.
• An 11-month-old boy was left in a hot car in Florida in July.
Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-4012512409259825482022-08-19T17:40:00.002+05:302022-08-19T17:40:33.608+05:30At least 16 dead following catastrophic flooding in western China18 people remain missing following late-night flooding and heavy rain that triggered landslides and turned a mountainous region in China into a deadly flash flood.
Heavy rainfall produced catastrophic flooding in the western Chinese province of Qinghai, killing 16 people while at least 18 others remain missing, Chinese state media reported on Thursday.
The sudden onset of severe downpours late Wednesday evening over a mountainous region in Qinghai triggered landslides, and the raging water diverted rivers that resulted in flash flooding in a populated area late Wednesday night. According to the state broadcaster CCTV, more than 6,000 people in six villages were immediately affected.
The flash flooding was described as a "mountain torrent," according to emergency officials, The Associated Press reported. Occurring after a heavy downpour in higher elevations, mountain In a video shared online of the aftermath, partially washed away roads that were covered in debris, uprooted trees and overturned cars could be seen, the AP reported.
According to Reuters, a rescue team of 2,000 people and 160 disaster relief vehicles have been sent to the area by the local government.
Rescuers, who earlier reported 36 people missing, had found 18 of them by early Thursday afternoon, CCTV said in an online update.
Through the rest of the week, temperatures will be in the 70s to low 80s, and more showers and thunderstorms are expected in Datong County, which was the epicenter of the flooding in Qinghai Province.torrents result when water running down turns gullies or streams into raging rivers, often catching people by surprise.
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Flood damage in Qinghai province in northwestern China on Thursday, Aug. 18, 2022. (Reuters)
In a video shared online of the aftermath, partially washed away roads that were covered in debris, uprooted trees and overturned cars could be seen, the AP reported.
According to Reuters, a rescue team of 2,000 people and 160 disaster relief vehicles have been sent to the area by the local government.
Rescuers, who earlier reported 36 people missing, had found 18 of them by early Thursday afternoon, CCTV said in an online update.
Through the rest of the week, temperatures will be in the 70s to low 80s, and more showers and thunderstorms are expected in Datong County, which was the epicenter of the flooding in Qinghai Province.
This has been the summer of extremes for China, which has been grappling with historic floods, heat waves and droughts across the country.
In late June, as rivers overflowed, a historic flood brought devastation to the provinces of Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi across central and southern China, which displaced tens of thousands of people.
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Residents walk with umbrellas near a puddle during a rainy day in Beijing, Thursday, Aug. 18, 2022. (AP Photo/Ng Han Guan)
Currently, the worst heat wave in six decades is roasting a large swath of central China, sending temperatures 15 to 25 degrees Fahrenheit above normal. This comes just a month after Shanghai, the most populated city in China, endured a dangerous heat wave, which sent temperatures past the century mark.
According to the China Meteorological Administration, more than a third of the weather stations across the country have recorded extreme heat this summer, Al Jazeera reported. At least 262 stations reached or surpassed previous records.
The Ministry of Finance said on Thursday that they have allocated 420 million yuan ($61.83 million) of emergency funds for local governments to provide food and drought relief as the country continues to grapple with extreme weather, according to Al Jazeera.Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-45964902802518824772022-08-11T19:03:00.000+05:302022-08-11T19:03:05.022+05:30How to make a Travel Blog? Create Travel Blog in 30 MinutesDo you also like to travel, visit new places, learn about new culture and food..all this? If yes, then you too can earn lakhs of rupees a month by converting this passion into your profession. Yes, we are talking about travel blogging. In this post we will tell you how to create a Travel Blog? And how to earn money from this travel blogging? We will tell you everything step by step, for this, definitely read this article completely.
<b>In this article today we will mainly learn about these three points:</b>
What is Travel Blogging?
How to create a Travel Blog?
How to make money from travel blog?
What is Travel Blogging?
Simply put, through your blog, tell people everything that people want to know about new places to visit, new culture, different food culture and traveling.
It is called Travel Blogging. If you are giving all this information through video, then you will be called Travel Vlogger, whereas if you are giving all this information by writing a blog on your website, you will be called Travel Blogger.
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<b>How to make a travel blog?</b>
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If you also want to create your own travel blog, then you will need just these three things:
A mobile or laptop, so that you can publish by writing Travel Blogs.
A good website, where you can write and post your blog.
The third and most important thing is the passion of traveling in you, the passion to write on traveling and the hunger to motivate people for traveling.
If you have all these three things then you can become a good travel blogger. Let us now know the whole process of creating Travel Blog one by one.
Step-1. Choose Your Domain Name :
If you are going to create a travel blog, then the first and most important step is to choose the right domain for your website. We can also call the domain URL or web link of a website.
Your blog name and its domain name should be the same. While selecting the domain of a good travel website, keep in mind the following things in particular:-
Easy To Remember – The domain name of your website should be such that it can be easily remembered. The simpler and shorter it is, the better. Never use any numbers or special characters in it.
Travel Niche to Relevant – Domain Name Niche/Topic of your website i.e. Traveling blogs.
Step-2. Buy Domain & Hosting :
After selecting the domain, the second step of Travel Blog Kaise Banaye is- Buying Domain and Hosting. Always take hosting from a company whose service and customer support is good. Take the cheapest plan in the beginning, later you can upgrade it according to the traffic.
Although there are many hosting services available today, but if you are looking for a good and affordable hosting, then there can be no better option than Bluehost.
Bluehost is quite Affordable (₹169/Month), its service is good and Customer Support is also good in case of any problem. Along with this, on taking hosting service from Bluehost, it also gives domain for one year absolutely free. Next we will tell you the complete process of buying Hosting & Domain on Bluehost.
Step-3. Setup Your Website :
First of all, go to Bluehost's website Bluehost.In in your browser.
Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-82920363906401371512022-08-05T11:09:00.006+05:302022-08-05T11:09:52.166+05:30Mysterious holes found on ocean floor have scientists ‘stumped’These linear, peculiar-looking openings in the sand could be human made. But a more plausible explanation might be that they’re tracks left behind by an undiscovered species lurking in the deep sea.
The depths of the Earth's oceans contain many secrets that often take researchers years of investigation to solve. A new mystery in the Atlantic Ocean is almost literally taking them down the rabbit hole.
On July 23, along the seafloor off the coast of Portugal beneath the island chain of the Azores, scientists working with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) found a dozen sets of small holes in the sand at a depth of nearly 2 miles, with no clues of how they got there. Two weeks later and 300 miles away, they found even more mysterious holes, exactly the same as the first.
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A close look at the sets of holes along the floors of the Atlantic Ocean. The origins of the holes are unclear. (NOAA Ocean Exploration)
From May to September 2022, NOAA is carrying out an expedition called Voyage to the Ridge 2022 in this relatively unexplored region of the Atlantic. NOAA scientists set off from Newport, Rhode Island, to Newfoundland, Canada, on the first leg of the trip and then left Norfolk, Virginia, for the Azores. They will finish up by traversing the Atlantic in the other direction, to Puerto Rico and the Caribbean. Their research vessel, called the Okeanos Explorer, is investigating the coral and sponge colonies on volcanic ridges. Finding the holes was more of a happy accident.
This isn't the first time scientists encountered these strange-looking patterns. NOAA spokesperson Emily Crum told The New York Times that in 2004, right in the vicinity of this initial discovery, researchers recorded the first sighting of the holes.
“The origin of the holes has scientists stumped,” NOAA's Ocean Exploration project tweeted. “The holes look human made, but the little piles of sediment around them suggest they were excavated by … something.”
“There is something important going on there and we don’t know what it is,” NOAA deep-sea biologist Michael Vecchione told the Times. “This highlights the fact that there are still mysteries out there.”
Hypotheses regarding the origins of the holes range from human-made causes to the tracks of an undiscovered species of animal or a gas vent blowing bubbles up through the sand. Vecchione co-authored a paper in 2022 discussing the gaps in current knowledge of the holes and what could be causing them.
According to the paper, the holes appear to have been either excavated from the top or pierced up from underneath, meaning whatever created them could have been digging the holes or burrowed under the sediment and potentially used the holes as a breathing apparatus -- like a snorkel. There's no definitive evidence to say for sure, though, and it will take more time and investigations to find the truth.
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NOAA scientists use this underwater drone, called Deep Discoverer, to examine features of the seafloor up to 19,000 feet below the ocean's surface. (NOAA Ocean Exploration)
Vecchione, who was present for this latest run-in with the mysterious holes, said he was happy to see them again after nearly two decades but also expressed disappointment that there are still no answers. The Okeanos Explorer is currently docked in the Azores until Aug. 6, when the vessel will set out for its third Voyage to the Ridge expedition.Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-31042527646809913982022-08-05T11:04:00.000+05:302022-08-05T11:04:00.586+05:30Webb space telescope glimpses most distant star known to existNamed after a "Lord of the Rings" character, the star is 12.9 billion light-years
away from Earth and was first discovered using the Hubble's gravitational lensing ability.
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The Earendel star, as glimpsed by the James Webb Space Telescope, is the most distant
star ever seen, 12.9 billion light-years from Earth. (Photo courtesy of NASA, ESA/Cosmic Spring JWST)
Aug. 3 (UPI) -- The most distant star known to exist in the universe has been spotted by the James
Webb Space Telescope. It comes just months after scientists using the Hubble Space Telescope announced the star's existence.
Earendel, named after a Lord of The Rings character, was discovered using the Hubble's gravitational
lensing ability. The star is 12.9 billion light-years away from Earth, the most distant object ever
recorded, according to NASA.
Gravitational lensing extends the range of telescopes by detecting objects through bent light from
objects that are behind black holes. When the bent light passes by the black holes the light behaves
as though it were passing through the telescope lens.
An image of the star, seen through the James Webb telescope, was released Tuesday by a group of
astronomers at Cosmic Spring JWST.
The Webb is the most powerful telescope ever launched into space and uses infrared technology to view
objects farther away from Earth than previously possible.
"JWST was designed to study the first stars. Until recently, we assumed that meant populations of stars
within the first galaxies," astronomers from the Space Telescope Science Institute in Maryland wrote in
a paper in May. "But in the past three years, three individual strongly lensed stars have been discovered."
The astronomers said this "offers new hope of directly observing individual stars at cosmological distances."
The JWST was designed to see the very first galaxies formed in the first hundreds of millions of years
after the Big Bang.
Earendel, known as WHL0137-LS, is in the constellation Cetus. It is not visible to the naked eye.
Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-44122477232368153722022-07-26T21:14:00.001+05:302022-07-26T21:14:06.903+05:30Water gushes down in waterfall in front of shocked park visitors<a href="https://cdn.jwplayer.com/previews/7WoFdMQU" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"></a>
Torrents of mountain water gushed down a waterfall in front of shocked park visitors
following heavy rain in the Davao de Oro province in the Philippines on July 22.Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-3550645420436667292022-07-26T14:46:00.002+05:302022-07-26T14:46:35.088+05:30Flamingos return to nest in the Galapagos Islands for first time in 20 years<a href="https://cdn.jwplayer.com/previews/d9Dz93yH" target="_blank"></a>
Around 8,000 families in Louisiana are still in temporary housing situations after the devastation caused by Hurricane Ida in 2021.Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-43543790218294129722022-07-26T14:44:00.002+05:302022-07-26T17:38:41.300+05:30Ship that sank during ‘incredible storm’ in 1842 discovered in Lake MichiganShip that sank during ‘incredible storm’ in 1842 discovered in Lake Michigan
The story of what unfo<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTXF7h8RjQlHjbguRY61jMqTHOySmMtpt85xrMo4ckDA-qmdpzCudAJvn1vxiur8qgKClKGeqN5Q27loVE1zdYLMRNePJypJTXhMVJA5QBj28c0CgMR6KsbOqTAybsedzicdgAvesBKf1n9v63dfzaGtXjlqRKg-_ETuZIB0_iwxFzeh6jCHfeobr1FQ/s632/Shipublicdom%20%281%29.jpg" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" width="400" data-original-height="474" data-original-width="632" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTXF7h8RjQlHjbguRY61jMqTHOySmMtpt85xrMo4ckDA-qmdpzCudAJvn1vxiur8qgKClKGeqN5Q27loVE1zdYLMRNePJypJTXhMVJA5QBj28c0CgMR6KsbOqTAybsedzicdgAvesBKf1n9v63dfzaGtXjlqRKg-_ETuZIB0_iwxFzeh6jCHfeobr1FQ/s400/Shipublicdom%20%281%29.jpg"/></a></div>lded on the doomed ship that fateful November night is chilling and dramatic, but until now no one had ever seen the vessel at the center of the shocking maritime tragedy.
By Zachary Rosenthal, AccuWeather staff writer
Published Jul. 21, 2022 8:10 PM IST | Updated Jul. 22, 2022 7:13 PM IST
The Milwaukie, which would have looked like the ship above, was the first true "ship,” meaning it has a minimum of three masts, all square-rigged, to sail in the Great Lakes.
Michigan couple uncovers shipwreck from 1842
Kevin and Amy Ailes used research, Google Earth and an underwater metal detector to locate the Milwaukie underneath the Great Lakes.
A shipwreck lost nearly two centuries ago off the eastern shores of Lake Michigan has been rediscovered by a pair of adventurous scuba divers.
The ill-fated ship, the Milwaukie, went down in the freezing cold waters of the lake near the small city of Saugatuck, Michigan, during a blustery winter night on Nov. 16, 1842, that kicked off the wickedly snowy and chilly winter of 1842, according to The Chicago Tribune.
Kevin Ailes and his wife, Amy, who have thus far discovered four shipwrecks in the Great Lakes, became interested in trying to find the Milwaukie and used Google Earth and stories about the ship to make the amazing discovery.
Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-84489193563644462932022-07-26T12:01:00.008+05:302022-07-26T12:02:17.023+05:30Pakistan’s largest city received more than an entire summer’s worth of rain in one dayPakistan’s largest city received more than an entire summer’s worth of rain in one day
By Mary Gilbert, AccuWeather meteorologist
Published Jul. 25, 2022 9:52 PM IST | Updated Jul. 25, 2022 9:52 PM IST
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Volunteers use a boat to rescue people from a flooded area after heavy rains, in Karachi, Pakistan, Monday, July 25, 2022. (AP Photo/Fareed Khan)
Monsoon downpours deluged portions of Pakistan this weekend and Karachi, the country's largest city, bore the brunt of the worst impacts as the floodwaters destroyed homes, inundated businesses and damaged infrastructure.
AccuWeather forecasters say the heaviest rainfall from the event arrived Sunday when Karachi received more than triple its monthly rainfall in just 24 hours.
Daily life was turned to a standstill as this deluge turned major throughways into raging rivers and left entire neighborhoods submerged. Images from the city showed residents navigating floodwaters that ranged from knee-high to chest-high in spots. Vehicles were left stranded as floodwaters climbed.
The catastrophic flooding event left all major highways in Karachi flooded, according to The Express Tribune. Due to the impossibility of safe travel for large portions of the city, the local government declared Monday a public holiday in Karachi, which closed all government offices and urged private offices to follow suit.
Karachi, Pakistan's financial and industrial hub, is located along the coast of the Arabian Sea. Some of the most densely populated areas of the city are located at, or scarcely, above sea level. The low-lying nature of the city already makes Karachi prone to flooding issues, but inadequately-constructed drainage and flood management systems compound the issue considerably.
Rainwater even mixed with sewage in some locations and this contaminated water rushed into homes and businesses.
Murtaza Wahab, the Karachi administrator, told The New York Times that the city has an old drainage and sewage infrastructure that could not cope with the torrential rains and acknowledged that updates were critical.
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People wade through a flooded road after heavy rains, in Karachi, Pakistan, Monday, July 25, 2022. (AP Photo/Fareed Khan)
Floodwaters in recent days have damaged more than 5,500 homes as well as critical infrastructure like highways and bridges, according to a report from Pakistan's National Disaster Management Authority.
This weekend's flooding was the second destructive flooding event the city has had to endure this month alone. Earlier in July, another deluge of monsoon rainfall left Karachi underwater.
Since the middle of June, monsoon rainfall and subsequent flooding have resulted in more than 280 deaths throughout Pakistan, according to The Associated Press (AP).
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The amount of rainfall the city has already received this month is astounding, forecasters say.
"Karachi received 2.36 inches (60 mm) of rain on Sunday due to a weak monsoon low that formed near southwestern Rajasthan, India, over the weekend," AccuWeather Lead International Forecaster Jason Nicholls explained.
So far this July, the city has recorded just over 8 inches (200 mm) of rainfall which equates to 1,147 percent of normal for the month, according to Nicholls. Karachi typically receives less than an inch (25 mm) of rain in July and just over 1.50 inches (38 mm) of rain over the course of the summer months.
Furthermore, even in the highly unlikely event that not a single drop of rain falls in Karachi for the rest of the year, the city would still end 2022 with over 260 percent of its normal precipitation.
The monsoon normally arrives in Pakistan around July 8, but this year it arrived several days early, according to Nicholls.
"Part of the reason for the excessively wet July is that the monsoon [axis] has been located south of its normal position for much of the month," Nicholls explained.
Instead of directing the heaviest rain over northern India and around the sub-Himalayan foothills, the monsoon has instead sent abundant moisture directly to central India and southern Pakistan.
"July is the wettest month on average, but there can be bouts of rain into Pakistan until the monsoon withdraws, typically in mid- to late September," Nicholls cautioned.
Given the current situation across the region, any additional bouts of rain will bring with it increased chances for a repeat of catastrophic flooding.
In the short term, forecasters say there is at least some glimmer of hope in the forecast for hard-hit portions of Pakistan struggling to clean up and rebuild.
The monsoon axis will lift back north starting around midweek, which should lead to an easing of rain in the region later this week and into the start of August, according to Nicholls.
Nicholls also expressed concern that August could be another wetter-than-normal month for Karachi and Pakistan as a whole.Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-18745634005559588832022-07-24T14:37:00.002+05:302022-07-24T14:37:56.905+05:30Massive sandstorm blotted out the sun in one Chinese province By Mary Gilbert, AccuWeather meteorologistMassive sandstorm blotted out the sun in one Chinese province
By Mary Gilbert, AccuWeather meteorologist
Published Jul. 23, 2022 12:33 AM IST | Updated Jul. 23, 2022 7:26 PM IST
<a href="https://cdn.jwplayer.com/previews/RE5F2me9" target="_blank"></a>
Hazardous weather caused widespread disruptions to daily life across portions of China over the last week. A massive dust storm engulfed part of one Chinese province during the middle of the week just days after sweltering heat baked a large swath of the country.
The powerful sandstorm roared to life on Wednesday over portions of the province of Qinghai, located in northwest China. The worst of the storm blew through northern areas in the province and forced travel to come to a halt as residents and tourists alike sheltered in place.
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Eyewitnesses reported the sandstorm lasted for nearly four hours on Wednesday, according to CNN.
During the peak strength of the massive storm, visibility dropped below 650 feet (200 meters) in spots and completely blotted out the sun, according to the South China Morning Post.
Wind speeds of 33 mph (53 km/h) were recorded within the storm as sand and dust pelted the region. AccuWeather forecasters say it is likely stronger wind gusts occurred within the storm, but meteorological instrumentation is sparse within the region of occurrence.
Portions of the Qinghai are typically dry. In fact, the northwestern section of the Qinghai province is considered a desert. Forecasters say it's likely that sand from these dry or desert areas was lofted into the air as thunderstorms developed in the western portion of China at midweek.
No casualties were reported as a result of this sandstorm, according to state media.
Elsewhere in China, a significant swath of the population has endured unseasonable, even record-breaking heat this summer. Since mid-June, large sections of northern, eastern and central China have baked amid a long-term heat wave, according to the China Meteorological Administration (CMA).
From June 13 to July 12, high temperature readings in at least 71 national meteorological stations broke historical extremes, according to a CMA press release. At least three cities in the Hebei province, including Lingshou, Gaocheng and Zhengding, and one city in the Yunnan province, Yanjin, have eclipsed 111 F (44 C) this summer.
The heat was so brutal in the Yunnan province city of Zhaotong last week that railway workers had to get creative to prevent damage to railroad tracks. Workers could be seen sliding giant blocks of ice down each rail of a section of tracks on Wednesday, July 12, in an attempt to bring down the temperature of the metal. When exposed to extreme heat, railroad tracks can warp and buckle.
Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-64831463985734605122022-07-24T11:25:00.004+05:302022-07-24T11:25:30.286+05:30Man loses leg to flesh-eating bacteria after taking dip in Florida watersThe infection, from microorganisms usually rampant in warmer waters, can also lead to death by quickly ravaging the body, and the chances of getting sick are growing as temperatures spike in otherwise cooler waters.
By Marianne Mizera, AccuWeather front page editor
Published Jul. 22, 2022 11:35 PM IST | Updated Jul. 22, 2022 11:35 PM IST
Lifeguards watch as beach-goers enjoy the surf at Smith Point County Park, a Long Island beach, on Friday, July 15, 2022. (AP Photo/John Minchillo)
An Alabama man who planned to spend a leisurely day swimming with his family while vacationing on the Gulf Coast in Florida ended up having part of his leg amputated after contracting an insidious flesh-eating bacteria through a small cut that had been healing.
William Pledger, 75, was enjoying the warm weather with his relatives in Little Sabine Bay in Pensacola while attending the Blue Angels airshow on July 9.
"At some point, the whole family was in the water," his son, John Pledger, told WEAR-TV in Pensacola.
Five days later, his father's leg began to get sore, and by day 6, he was in severe pain, “could not sit still, his leg had started swelling up," and he was rushed to the hospital, John Pledger said.
The medical team quickly diagnosed him with the flesh-eating bacteria Vibrio vulnificus, one of many types of micro-organisms that cause necrotizing fasciitis, a severe and fast-spreading bloodstream infection in which the flesh around an open wound dies, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
“The infection courses through the entire body, kind of like a hurricane or tornado that ravages everything,” Dr. Katherine Doktor, of Cooper University Hospital in New Jersey and co-author of a 2019 study on the illness, told Business Insider.
William Pledger’s relatives said that all of his soft tissue from the knee down had been destroyed and doctors informed him they had to amputate his leg below the knee.
Such flesh-eating bacteria enter the body typically through an open wound or break in the skin, like a cut or scrape or recent piercing or tattoo, according to the CDC.
"He had a small cut on his left leg, it was scabbed over, didn't look too bad," John Pledger told WEAR-TV. "It was very small."
Vibrio vulnificus is the same destructive bacteria that can make you sick by eating raw or undercooked shellfish, particularly oysters, or handling infected animals when you have an open wound, according to the CDC. Symptoms include diarrhea, cramping, nausea, vomiting and high fever, although some cases can be quite severe.
Microorganisms that cause necrotizing fasciitis occur naturally in the warm coastal waters of Florida, the state’s Department of Health said. Public health officials in Escambia County, which comprises Pensacola, even issued a warning over the Fourth of July weekend urging beachgoers to stay out of the water if they have any cuts.
“During the summer, especially in the coastal areas—especially in the Gulf Coast, where we have the heating of the water—we start seeing an overproduction of a bacteria called Vibrio,” said Dr. Laila Woc-Colburn, an infectious disease expert at Baylor College of Medicine in Texas.
But researchers now believe that increasingly warmer ocean temperatures have made for more prolific breeding grounds for such flesh-eating bacteria -- and not just in the usual spots.
The bacteria seem to prefer brackish water (a mix of fresh and salt water) with surface temperatures above 55.4 degrees Fahrenheit (13 degrees Celsius), scientists said.
Doktor’s 2019 study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine looked at five infection cases in people who were exposed to water in the cooler Delaware Bay or consumed shellfish in that area.
“These five cases are significant because in the eight years prior to 2017, we only saw one case of Vibrio vulnificus at our institution," she noted to Insider.
Still, cases of flesh-eating bacteria infections are rare, doctors say, but those that are diagnosed each year can be fatal. The Vibrio vulnificus bacteria alone causes 80,000 illnesses each year in the United States, with about 100 eventually dying from the infection, CDC said.
Even with his leg amputated, William Pledger’s relatives said he has a long road to recovery ahead. His family anticipates it could be months before he’s released from the hospital.
In the meantime, they hope others will take precautions in the water, heed official warnings and learn from their devastating ordeal.
“It was very emotional watching my dad go through all this," John said.
Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-37609743243907411632021-01-24T20:05:00.004+05:302021-01-24T20:05:47.848+05:30espresso machines<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKu6nkvn78PtWtz1uPmjym_kvMoUN5_FpVQWwmdutyGiCE6R-FWZnFhkMBd_cedJ52CMg6fRjazsbZDnWp8X7mKTtIFHGhOXrfauvwp-bVEfk1M2tXlMvR32bGVniqbKoKR5p49JGrHH4q/s873/800px-Krups_Vivo_F880_home_espresso_maker.jpg" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" height="400" data-original-height="873" data-original-width="800" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKu6nkvn78PtWtz1uPmjym_kvMoUN5_FpVQWwmdutyGiCE6R-FWZnFhkMBd_cedJ52CMg6fRjazsbZDnWp8X7mKTtIFHGhOXrfauvwp-bVEfk1M2tXlMvR32bGVniqbKoKR5p49JGrHH4q/s400/800px-Krups_Vivo_F880_home_espresso_maker.jpg"/></a></div>
An espresso machine brews coffee by forcing pressurized water near boiling point through a "puck" of ground coffee and a filter in order to produce a thick, concentrated coffee called espresso. The first machine for making espresso was built and patented in 1884 by Angelo Moriondo of Turin, Italy. An improved design was patented on April 28, 1903, by Luigi Bezzera. The founder of the La Pavoni company bought the patent and from 1905 produced espresso machines commercially on a small scale in Milan. Multiple machine designs have been created to produce espresso. Several machines share some common elements, such as a grouphead and a portafilter. An espresso machine may also have a steam wand which is used to steam and froth liquids (such as milk) for coffee drinks such as cappuccino and caffe latte.
Espresso machines may be steam-driven, piston-driven, pump-driven, or air-pump-driven. Machines may also be manual or automatic.Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-15123079411458295282021-01-23T19:31:00.004+05:302021-01-24T20:07:49.637+05:30best coffee machine for home indiaBest Coffee Machines in India
<b>1. Morphy Richards New Europa 800-Watt Espresso and Cappuccino 4-Cup Coffee Maker</b>
Check Price at Amazon
This is one efficient appliance that helps you get your caffeine fix anytime. It puts your professional grade espresso or cappuccino within your stride in minutes.
Morphy Richards New Europa 800-Watt Espresso and Cappuccino 4-Cup Coffee Maker
Built & Design
Makes cappuccino, latte, and espresso
Good for up to 4 cups
2-year warranty
Power: 800 watts; operating voltage: 230 volts
Performance: Morphy Richards New Europa 800-Watt Espresso and Cappuccino 4-Cup Coffee Maker is all that you need at your home. This machine is a multi-tasker that get you coffee as you like it. You can use any blend you like. It has a mean motor but lacks proper space for water to get in so you may need a manual pressing.
Pros
Anti -slip base so that you don’t have to worry about a kitchen slip.
Heat resistant glass carafe so there are no blow ups.
Non slip grip. So that you don’t break your carafe.
Easy to clean
Neon light Indicator
800 W Motor
Cons
Water Indicator is missing
<b>2. InstaCuppa French Press Coffee Espresso Tea Maker</b>
Check Price at Amazon
If you want best morning coffee, espresso you need this. It is one of the best budget coffee makers available. It could serve six cups of coffee in one go. So, no more refilling and waiting for the coffee you are craving for.
InstaCuppa French Press Coffee Espresso Tea Maker
Built & Design
Stainless steel body which gives it a rugged exterior
Elegant and stylish design
FDA approved
600 ml capacity
Performance: This is by far the most budget friendly machine on offer. Easy to use and hassle free. It is a great apparatus for someone starting anew.
Pros
Plunger mechanism is smooth and easy to use.
Dishwasher safe
Borosilicate glass and steel exoskeleton makes it durable
Can make 6 cups in a brew.
Elegant design
Can also be used to brew tea.
Cons
Coffee beans need to be pre ground.
You need to keep track of brew time; else you get bitter tasting coffee.
<b>3. Philips Daily Collection HD7434/20 0.92-Litre Coffee Maker</b>
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Philips is the go to brands in home appliance space. It is trusted by buyers across generations. The Philips HD7431/20 0.92 Coffee Maker (Black/Metal) is an efficient drip coffee maker with some unique features. The design and styling of the machine is pleasing to the eyes.
Philips Daily Collection HD7434/20 0.92-Litre Coffee Maker
Built & Design
AromaSwirl for optimal aroma distribution
Drip brewing
Capacity of 0.92 Litres
Total Brewing time approx. 10 minutes
Power by a 700 watt motor and works with 230 volt supply
2-year Warranty
Performance: The Philips HD7431/20 0.92 Coffee Maker (Black/Metal) is perfect for making drip coffee and can make 4 to 5 cups in one go. It makes sure that you get consistent quality brew every single time. The coffee flask is detachable which makes cleaning it effortless.
Pros
Lightweight ergonomic design
Elegant and stylish
Friendly to the Pocket
Easy to use.
Dishwasher safe
Cons
It gets quite noisy at the end of the brewing process.
The Brew may feel watery; add enough coffee for better results.
<b>4. Preethi Cafe Zest Drip Coffee Maker</b>
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Preethi Cafe Zest Drip Coffee Maker (CM210) is a great coffee machine to prepare café grade coffee at home. It is packed with a powerful heater that helps expedite the brewing process. It also has a nifty look.
Preethi Cafe Zest CM210 Drip Coffee Maker
Built & Design
Water level indicator
Anti-drip system
Heat sensitive shock proof ABS body.
Power: 450 watts; operating voltage: 230 volts
1 Year Warranty
Designer Handle
Performance: Preethi Cafe Zest Drip Coffee Maker (CM210 is a compact machine with a powerful motor that delivers great tasting coffee. This Desi brand is not only efficient but has invested in your safety as it comes with ABS shock proof plastic body. It is just the appliance for household brewing adventure.
Pros
Friendly to your pocket
Available in a wide range of colors
Shockproof ABS body
Cons
Average built quality
<b>5. Prestige PCMD 1.0 650-Watt Espresso Coffee Maker</b>
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Prestige Drip coffee maker is for the lovers of South Indian filter coffee .It makes great coffee with advance mesh filter , anti-drip mechanism , advanced brewing technology , water level indicator etc. ,you can enjoy the perfect cup of coffee at the comfort of your home , any time , any day .
Prestige PCMD 1.0 650-Watt Espresso Coffee Maker
Built & Design
Advanced mesh filter
Elegant and stylish design
Anti-drip mechanism
Water level indicator
FDA approved
Power: 650 watts; operating voltage: 230 volts
1 Year Warranty
Performance: Prestige is a brand that you can trust and this offering from the house of prestige doesnot disappoint. The company understands India’s love affair with filter coffee and this machine delivers on that front spectacularly.
Pros
Nifty design.
Easy to use and clean
Anti-drip valve prevents dripping when the carafe is removed
Steam vent for releasing excess steam.
Water level indicator
Cons
Temperature control unavailable
Makes noise due to lack of water towards the end of the brewing process.
<b>6. Philips HD7431/20 Coffee Maker</b>
Check Price at Amazon
Philips is the go to brands in home appliance space. It is trusted by buyers across generations. The Philips HD7431/20 Coffee Maker (Black) is an efficient drip coffee maker with some unique features. The design and styling of the machine is pleasing to the eyes.
Philips HD7431
Built & Design
Hassle-free cleaning
Drip brewing
Capacity of 0.6 Liters
Total Brewing time approx. 10 minutes
Power by a 700 watt motor and works with 230 volt supply
2-year Warranty
Performance: The Philips HD7431/20 Coffee Maker (Black) is perfect for making drip coffee and can make 3-4 cups in one go. It makes sure that you get consistent quality brew every single time. The coffee flask is detachable which makes cleaning it effortless.
Pros
Lightweight ergonomic design
Elegant and stylish
Friendly to the Pocket
Easy to use.
Cons
It gets quite noisy at the end of the brewing process.
The Brew may feel watery; add enough coffee for better results.
<b>7. Morphy Richards Fresco 800-Watt 4-Cups Espresso Coffee Maker</b>
Check Price at Amazon
Morphy Richards Fresco 800-Watt 4-Cups Espresso Coffee Maker is a delight for Espresso aficionados, Make delicious espressos for you and your family in a snap. And get the feel of a Starbucks espress at home. It will also look brilliant in your lovely kitchen.
Morphy Richards Fresco 800-Watt 4-Cups Espresso Coffee Maker
Built & Design
Can make 4 cups with milk frothing
Heat resistant with drip tray, so that you worry less about dropping your precious cuppa.
The see through glass carafe to relish your brew.
Temperature indicator.
2-year warranty.
Power: 800 watts; operating voltage: 210-250 volts
Performance: The Morphy Richards Fresco 800-Watt 4-Cups Espresso Coffee Maker is for people who like their CCDs and Starbucks espresso with cream on top. Now you don’t need to wait for ages to quench your thirst for espressos. It is a boon for all coffee addicts. Get your coffee fix anytime you feel like.
Pros
It is elegant and modern in style
Professional grade espresso
Makes 4-6 cups at a time
The milk froth is thick and airy
The drip tray makes the machine-accessible
Friendly to your pocket
Cons
You can’t control the temperature
Machine not big enough for frothing you need some jugaad. Use a cup instead
How to brew the ultimate drink
What is the best temperature to brew coffee?
The optimal water temperature for drip coffee is 95-98C. water below this temperature doesn’t extract enough caffeine/essential oils from the beans, and above such temperature the acidity increases wildly.
Quality of coffee
The quality of a brew depends on many factors few are noted below:
Time elapsed since the bean is ground (fresher the better).
Time elapsed since roasting (again you want is as fresh as you can).
Clean brewing equipment, so that you don’t get any residue taste.
Quality of your coffee bean.
Quality of the water used for brewing.
What is the difference between Arabica and Robusta?
Arabica and Robusta are two different species of coffee. Almost all the world’s coffee is of one or the other type. The differences are those of taste and conditions of their individual growing patterns.
Taste: Arabicas have a wider taste range, between varieties. They range in taste from sweet-soft to sharp-tangy. Their unroasted smell is sometimes likened to blueberries. Their roasted smell is perfumey with fruity notes and sugary tones.
Robustas taste range is neutral to harsh and they are often described as tasting grain-like, oatmeally. Their unroasted smell is often described as raw-peanut. Their roasted smell is often likened to burnt rubber.
Production Conditions: Arabicas are delicate; they require cool tropical climates, lots of moisture, rich soil, shade and sun. They are subject to attack from various pests, and are extremely vulnerable to cold and bad handling.
Robustas are hardier plants, capable of growing well at low altitudes, less subject to problems related to pests and rough handling. They yield more pounds of finished goods per acre at a lower cost of production.
You can read the full difference between Arabica and Robusta here.
Just how much ground coffee do I need for x amount of coffee?
Whatever seems right to you.
It may change slightly from coffee to coffee and according to freshness.
My personal taste is 1 tablespoon per cup of coffee
How to select your coffee machine
coffee machine india
1. Bang for the buck
It is important that while buying any home appliance you get the most for what you pay. Also, all available products may not fall under your budget.
You should always decide in advance your requirements and then chose the appliance that is efficient as well as budget friendly. Here you may find two products with the same features but different price points. Choose the one that gives you most utility.
2. Ease of Use
The coffee maker is easy to use does not involve any rocket science. You need to follow certain steps and the rest is done automatically. Some machines come with a timer that lets you know when the coffee is ready using an alarm all you to do is fill the machine up and wait for it to beep
3.The Output
It is very important that you know the amount of coffee you will need in one go.
Single Cup Coffee Maker
This coffee maker can crank up a single cup at one go and is just perfect for a smaller family where people drink coffee at different times.
Multi Cup Coffee Maker
This coffee maker can prepare about 3-4 cups of coffee at a time and is for those who like to have their coffee with friends and company.
4. Category
Indians usually prefer milk in their coffee so latte, cappuccino are often the go-to choices, there is also a growing trend of black coffee drinkers, so we see all this rage about the espresso coffee and hence it is important to identify your preference while shopping.
You have a wide range of options there are coffee makers that can do all kinds of coffee and there are some which specialize in one or the other form. Always make sure that you research well into your taste and preferences before making the buy.
5. Safety
If an appliance needs the power to run, it is imminent that it has shock proofing mechanisms. Your safety should be of utmost priority. In case of overload, the circuit breaks and the appliance stops working. This factor should never be neglected as overload could lead to chances of shock.
6. Stress-free maintenance
Coffee maker jars are generally detachable which make them easy to clean and maintain. Always factor the ease of use and cleaning while researching the product. As difficulty while cleaning will prevent you from using your appliance less often.Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-18193745870362951752021-01-19T18:53:00.003+05:302021-01-19T18:53:51.139+05:30My lifeSince all these years you
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Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-72458427513608221212020-09-02T20:40:00.002+05:302020-11-19T19:18:50.323+05:30It's good to masturbate but not ejaculate guys!<p> So, you need to put both your</p><p>finger pushing up the common</p><p>duct for urine and semen flow.</p><p>Thing is you have push upwards</p><p>blocking the semen from going</p><p>out.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJXfvMwrSigzv-eMaSfQmRjK0stDm4gmWBrd_KyO0pxtT61hVIiqUHIB8ilW9VIw8qi4JGqKkUp5IHxIOpdTQde0zkNe6eSpvjqEnSInwf2W6GOUOktea4pTzfMnByy2p_Jz8GHgZ4mnfG/s646/penis.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="438" data-original-width="646" height="347" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJXfvMwrSigzv-eMaSfQmRjK0stDm4gmWBrd_KyO0pxtT61hVIiqUHIB8ilW9VIw8qi4JGqKkUp5IHxIOpdTQde0zkNe6eSpvjqEnSInwf2W6GOUOktea4pTzfMnByy2p_Jz8GHgZ4mnfG/w512-h347/penis.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a class="Beeb4e" data-ved="0CAkQjhxqFwoTCPjm4pPfyusCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAQ" href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2Fmen%2Fpicture-of-the-penis&psig=AOvVaw10juJZcSxpeQU7OrGWEd0o&ust=1599145442693000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAkQjhxqFwoTCPjm4pPfyusCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAQ" jsaction="focus:kvVbVb; mousedown:kvVbVb; touchstart:kvVbVb;" rel="noopener" rlhc="1" style="-webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-line-clamp: 1; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background-color: #141518; color: #f1f3f4; display: -webkit-box; font-family: roboto, helveticaneue, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 30px; max-height: 30px; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; word-break: break-all;" target="_blank" title="The Penis (Human Anatomy): Diagram, Function, Conditions, and More">The Penis (Human male Anatomy)</a></div><p><br /></p><p>You should have experienced to</p><p>climax now, the dopamine hormone</p><p>has done it's work by now.</p><p>So this way neither you wasted </p><p>your semen nor you lost your</p><p>energy like you used to lose</p><p>previously.</p>Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-7472059979266937462020-07-11T22:05:00.002+05:302020-07-11T22:05:21.268+05:30The best (and worst) materials for masks<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The best (and worst) materials for masks</div>
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It's intuitive and scientifically shown that wearing a face covering can help reduce the spread of the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19. But not all masks are created equal, according to new University of Arizona-led research.</div>
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Amanda Wilson, an environmental health sciences doctoral candidate in the Department of Community, Environment and Policy in the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, is lead author on a recent study published in the <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Journal of Hospital Infection</em> that assessed the ability of a variety of nontraditional mask materials to protect a person from infection after 30 seconds and after 20 minutes of exposure in a highly contaminated environment.</div>
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When the researchers compared wearing masks to wearing no protection during 20-minute and 30-second exposures to the virus, they found that infection risks were reduced by 24-94% or by 44-99% depending on the mask and exposure duration. Risk reduction decreased as exposure duration increased, they found.</div>
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"N99 masks, which are even more efficient at filtering airborne particles than N95 masks, are obviously one of the best options for blocking the virus, as they can reduce average risk by 94-99% for 20-minute and 30-second exposures, but they can be hard to come by, and there are ethical considerations such as leaving those available for medical professionals," Wilson said.</div>
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The next best options, according to the research, are N95 and surgical masks and, perhaps surprisingly, vacuum cleaner filters, which can be inserted into filter pockets in cloth masks. The vacuum filters reduced infection risk by 83% for a 30-second exposure and 58% for a 20-minute exposure. Of the other nontraditional materials evaluated by the researchers, tea towels, cotton-blend fabrics and antimicrobial pillowcases were the next best for protection.</div>
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Scarves, which reduced infection risk by 44% after 30 seconds and 24% after 20 minutes, and similarly effective cotton t-shirts are only slightly better than wearing no mask at all, they found.</div>
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"We knew that masks work, but we wanted to know how well and compare different materials' effects on health outcomes," said Wilson, who specializes in quantitative microbial risk assessment.</div>
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Wilson and her team collected data from various studies of mask efficacy and created a computer model to simulate infection risk, taking various factors into consideration.</div>
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"One big component of risk is how long you're exposed. We compared risk of infection at both 30 seconds and 20 minutes in a highly contaminated environment," she said.</div>
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Other conditions that impact risk of infection are the number of people around you and their distance from you, she said.</div>
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The size of virus-transporting droplets from sneezes, coughs or even speech is also a very important factor. Larger, heavier droplets carrying the virus drop out of the air faster than smaller, lighter ones. That's one reason distance helps reduce exposure.</div>
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"Aerosol size can also be affected by humidity," Wilson said. "If the air is drier, then aerosols become smaller faster. If humidity is higher, then aerosols will stay larger for a longer period of time, dropping out faster. That might sound good at first, but then those aerosols fall on surfaces, and that object becomes another potential exposure route."</div>
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The study also showed that the more time a person spends in an environment where the virus is present, the less effective a mask becomes.</div>
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"That doesn't mean take your mask off after 20 minutes," Wilson said, "but it does mean that a mask can't reduce your risk to zero. Don't go to a bar for four hours and think you're risk free because you're wearing a mask. Stay home as much as possible, wash your hands often, wear a mask when you're out and don't touch your face."</div>
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Masks protect the wearer and others in a number of different ways. Wilson said there are two "intuitive ways" that masks filter larger aerosols: mechanical interception and inertial impaction.</div>
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"The denser the fibers of a material, the better it is at filtering. That's why higher thread counts lead to higher efficacy. There's just more to block the virus," she said. "But some masks (such as those made from silk) also have electrostatic properties, which can attract smaller particles and keep them from passing through the mask as well."</div>
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The model developed by Wilson and her colleagues included parameters such as inhalation rate -- the volume of air inhaled over time -- and virus concentration in the air.</div>
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"We took a lot of research data, put it into a mathematical model and related those data points to each other," Wilson said. "For example, if we know people's inhalation rates vary by this much and know this much virus is in the air and these materials offer this much efficiency in terms of filtration, what does that mean for infection risk? We provide a range, in part, because everyone is different, such as in how much air we breathe over time."</div>
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Wilson also said it's important for a mask to have a good seal that pinches at nose, and she noted that people shouldn't wear a mask beneath the nose or tuck it under the chin when not in use.</div>
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"Proper use of masks is so important," Wilson said. "Also, we were focusing on masks protecting the wearer, but they're most important to protect others around you if you're infected. If you put less virus out into the air, you're creating a less contaminated environment around you. As our model shows, the amount of infectious virus you're exposed to has a big impact on your infection risk and the potential for others' masks to protect them as well."</div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Story Source:</strong></div>
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<a href="https://uanews.arizona.edu/story/best-and-worst-materials-masks" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Materials</a> provided by <a href="https://www.arizona.edu/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; outline-offset: -2px; outline: -webkit-focus-ring-color auto 5px;" target="_blank"><strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">University of Arizona</strong></a>. Original written by Mikayla Mace. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Note: Content may be edited for style and length.</em></div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Journal Reference</strong>:</div>
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<li style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px;">Amanda M. Wilson, Sarah E. Abney, Marco-Felipe King, Mark H. Weir, Martín López-García, Jonathan D. Sexton, Stephanie J. Dancer, Jessica Proctor, Catherine J. Noakes, Kelly A. Reynolds. <strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">COVID-19 and non-traditional mask use: How do various materials compare in reducing the infection risk for mask wearers?</strong> <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Journal of Hospital Infection</em>, 2020; DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.05.036" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">10.1016/j.jhin.2020.05.036</a></li>
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Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-71085263291206603422020-07-11T22:01:00.002+05:302020-07-11T22:01:52.448+05:30Boy or girl? It's in the father's genes<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Boy or girl? It's in the father's genes</div>
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A Newcastle University study involving thousands of families is helping prospective parents work out whether they are likely to have sons or daughters.</div>
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The work by Corry Gellatly, a research scientist at the university, has shown that men inherit a tendency to have more sons or more daughters from their parents. This means that a man with many brothers is more likely to have sons, while a man with many sisters is more likely to have daughters.</div>
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The research involved a study of 927 family trees containing information on 556,387 people from North America and Europe going back to 1600.</div>
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"The family tree study showed that whether you’re likely to have a boy or a girl is inherited. We now know that men are more likely to have sons if they have more brothers but are more likely to have daughters if they have more sisters. However, in women, you just can’t predict it," Mr Gellatly explains.</div>
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Men determine the sex of a baby depending on whether their sperm is carrying an X or Y chromosome. An X chromosome combines with the mother’s X chromosome to make a baby girl (XX) and a Y chromosome will combine with the mother’s to make a boy (XY).</div>
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The Newcastle University study suggests that an as-yet undiscovered gene controls whether a man’s sperm contains more X or more Y chromosomes, which affects the sex of his children. On a larger scale, the number of men with more X sperm compared to the number of men with more Y sperm affects the sex ratio of children born each year.</div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Sons or daughters?</strong></div>
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A gene consists of two parts, known as alleles, one inherited from each parent. In his paper, Mr Gellatly demonstrates that it is likely men carry two different types of allele, which results in three possible combinations in a gene that controls the ratio of X and Y sperm;</div>
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<li style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Men with the first combination, known as mm, produce more Y sperm and have more sons.</li>
<li style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">The second, known as mf, produce a roughly equal number of X and Y sperm and have an approximately equal number of sons and daughters.</li>
<li style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">The third, known as ff produce more X sperm and have more daughters.</li>
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“The gene that is passed on from both parents, which causes some men to have more sons and some to have more daughters, may explain why we see the number of men and women roughly balanced in a population. If there are too many males in the population, for example, females will more easily find a mate, so men who have more daughters will pass on more of their genes, causing more females to be born in later generations,” says Newcastle University researcher Mr Gellatly.</div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">More boys born after the wars</strong></div>
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In many of the countries that fought in the World Wars, there was a sudden increase in the number of boys born afterwards. The year after World War I ended, an extra two boys were born for every 100 girls in the UK, compared to the year before the war started. The gene, which Mr Gellatly has described in his research, could explain why this happened.</div>
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As the odds were in favour of men with more sons seeing a son return from the war, those sons were more likely to father boys themselves because they inherited that tendency from their fathers. In contrast, men with more daughters may have lost their only sons in the war and those sons would have been more likely to father girls. This would explain why the men that survived the war were more likely to have male children, which resulted in the boy-baby boom.</div>
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In most countries, for as long as records have been kept, more boys than girls have been born. In the UK and US, for example, there are currently about 105 males born for every 100 females.</div>
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It is well-documented that more males die in childhood and before they are old enough to have children. So in the same way that the gene may cause more boys to be born after wars, it may also cause more boys to be born each year.</div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">How does the gene work?</strong></div>
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The trees (above) illustrate how the gene works. It is a simplified example, in which men either have only sons, only daughters, or equal numbers of each, though in reality it is less clear cut. It shows that although the gene has no effect in females, they also carry the gene and pass it to their children.</div>
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In the first family tree (A) the grandfather is mm, so all his children are male. He only passes on the m allele, so his children are more likely to have the mm combination of alleles themselves. As a result, those sons may also have only sons (as shown). The grandsons have the mf combination of alleles, because they inherited an m from their father and an f from their mother. As a result, they have an equal number of sons and daughters (the great grandchildren).</div>
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In the second tree (B) the grandfather is ff, so all his children are female, they have the ff combination of alleles because their father and mother were both ff. One of the female children has her own children with a male who has the mm combination of alleles. That male determines the sex of the children, so the grandchildren are all male. The grandsons have the mf combination of alleles, because they inherited an m from their father and f from their mother. As a result, they have an equal number of sons and daughters (the great-grandchildren).</div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Journal Reference</strong>:</div>
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<li style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px;">Gellatly et al. <strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Trends in Population Sex Ratios May be Explained by Changes in the Frequencies of Polymorphic Alleles of a Sex Ratio Gene</strong>. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Evolutionary Biology</em>, Dec 11, 2008; DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11692-008-9046-3" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">10.1007/s11692-008-9046-3</a></li>
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Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-71455536695802571662020-07-11T21:56:00.002+05:302020-07-11T21:56:48.524+05:30Vitamin D levels appear to play role in COVID-19 mortality rates<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Vitamin D levels appear to play role in COVID-19 mortality rates</div>
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After studying global data from the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, researchers have discovered a strong correlation between severe vitamin D deficiency and mortality rates.</div>
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Led by Northwestern University, the research team conducted a statistical analysis of data from hospitals and clinics across China, France, Germany, Italy, Iran, South Korea, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States.</div>
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The researchers noted that patients from countries with high COVID-19 mortality rates, such as Italy, Spain and the UK, had lower levels of vitamin D compared to patients in countries that were not as severely affected.</div>
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This does not mean that everyone -- especially those without a known deficiency -- needs to start hoarding supplements, the researchers caution.</div>
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"While I think it is important for people to know that vitamin D deficiency might play a role in mortality, we don't need to push vitamin D on everybody," said Northwestern's Vadim Backman, who led the research. "This needs further study, and I hope our work will stimulate interest in this area. The data also may illuminate the mechanism of mortality, which, if proven, could lead to new therapeutic targets."</div>
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The research is available on medRxiv, a preprint server for health sciences.</div>
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Backman is the Walter Dill Scott Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Northwestern's McCormick School of Engineering. Ali Daneshkhah, a postdoctoral research associate in Backman's laboratory, is the paper's first author.</div>
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Backman and his team were inspired to examine vitamin D levels after noticing unexplained differences in COVID-19 mortality rates from country to country. Some people hypothesized that differences in healthcare quality, age distributions in population, testing rates or different strains of the coronavirus might be responsible. But Backman remained skeptical.</div>
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"None of these factors appears to play a significant role," Backman said. "The healthcare system in northern Italy is one of the best in the world. Differences in mortality exist even if one looks across the same age group. And, while the restrictions on testing do indeed vary, the disparities in mortality still exist even when we looked at countries or populations for which similar testing rates apply.</div>
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"Instead, we saw a significant correlation with vitamin D deficiency," he said.</div>
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By analyzing publicly available patient data from around the globe, Backman and his team discovered a strong correlation between vitamin D levels and cytokine storm -- a hyperinflammatory condition caused by an overactive immune system -- as well as a correlation between vitamin D deficiency and mortality.</div>
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"Cytokine storm can severely damage lungs and lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients," Daneshkhah said. "This is what seems to kill a majority of COVID-19 patients, not the destruction of the lungs by the virus itself. It is the complications from the misdirected fire from the immune system."</div>
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This is exactly where Backman believes vitamin D plays a major role. Not only does vitamin D enhance our innate immune systems, it also prevents our immune systems from becoming dangerously overactive. This means that having healthy levels of vitamin D could protect patients against severe complications, including death, from COVID-19.</div>
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"Our analysis shows that it might be as high as cutting the mortality rate in half," Backman said. "It will not prevent a patient from contracting the virus, but it may reduce complications and prevent death in those who are infected."</div>
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Backman said this correlation might help explain the many mysteries surrounding COVID-19, such as why children are less likely to die. Children do not yet have a fully developed acquired immune system, which is the immune system's second line of defense and more likely to overreact.</div>
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"Children primarily rely on their innate immune system," Backman said. "This may explain why their mortality rate is lower."</div>
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Backman is careful to note that people should not take excessive doses of vitamin D, which might come with negative side effects. He said the subject needs much more research to know how vitamin D could be used most effectively to protect against COVID-19 complications.</div>
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"It is hard to say which dose is most beneficial for COVID-19," Backman said. "However, it is clear that vitamin D deficiency is harmful, and it can be easily addressed with appropriate supplementation. This might be another key to helping protect vulnerable populations, such as African-American and elderly patients, who have a prevalence of vitamin D deficiency."</div>
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Backman is the director of Northwestern's Center for Physical Genomics and Engineering and the associate director for Research Technology and Infrastructure at the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center at Northwestern University.</div>
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<a href="https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2020/05/vitamin-d-appears-to-play-role-in-covid-19-mortality-rates/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Materials</a> provided by <a href="https://www.northwestern.edu/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Northwestern University</strong></a>. Original written by Amanda Morris. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Note: Content may be edited for style and length.</em></div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Journal Reference</strong>:</div>
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<li style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px;">Ali Daneshkhah, Vasundhara Agrawal, Adam Eshein, Hariharan Subramanian, Hemant Kumar Roy, Vadim Backman. <strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">The Possible Role of Vitamin D in Suppressing Cytokine Storm and Associated Mortality in COVID-19 Patients</strong>. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">medRxiv</em>, Posted April 30, 2020; [<a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.08.20058578v3" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">link</a>]</li>
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Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-20686523016243744092020-07-11T21:52:00.002+05:302020-07-11T21:52:21.128+05:30Receptor makes mice strong and slim<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Increasing abdominal girth and shrinking muscles are two common side effects of aging. Researchers at the University of Bonn have discovered a receptor in mice that regulates both effects. Experiments with human cell cultures suggest that the corresponding signaling pathways might also exist in humans. The study, which also involved researchers from Spain, Finland, Belgium, Denmark and the USA, has now been published in the journal <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Cell Metabolism</em>.</div>
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On their surface, cells carry numerous different "antennas," called receptors, which can receive specific signal molecules. These then trigger a specific reaction in the cell. One of these antennas is the A2B receptor. The surfaces of some cells are virtually teeming with it, for example in the so-called brown adipose tissue. Brown adipose tissue, unlike its white-colored counterpart, is not used to store fat. Instead, it burns fat and thereby generates heat.</div>
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"In our publication we took a closer look at the A2B receptors in brown adipose tissue," explains Prof. Dr. Alexander Pfeifer from the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology at the University Hospital Bonn. "In the course of this we discovered an interesting association: The more A2B a mouse produces, the more heat it generates." Which means the A2B antennas somehow seem to increase the activity of the brown fat cells. But a second observation was even more exciting: Despite their increased fat burning, the animals weigh hardly less than mice with fewer receptors. "They are slimmer, but at the same time have more muscles," explains Pfeifer.</div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Muscles like a young mouse</strong></div>
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In fact, the researchers were able to show that the muscle cells of mice also carry the A2B receptor. When this is stimulated by a small molecule agonist, muscle growth in the rodents is increased. "The receptor regulates both fat burning and muscle development," emphasizes Pfeifer's colleague Dr. Thorsten Gnad, the lead author of the study.</div>
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As they age, mice increasingly lose muscle mass -- similar to humans. And just like us, they also tend to gain a lot of fat around the hips over the years. However, if they receive the agonist that activates the A2B receptor, these aging effects are inhibited: Their oxygen consumption (an indicator of energy dissipation) increases by almost half; moreover, after four weeks of treatment they have as much muscle mass as a young animal. "A2B activation can therefore reverse both aging effects to a certain extent," explains Gnad.</div>
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In order to see whether the results were also meaningful for humans, the researchers examined human cell cultures and tissue samples. They found that in people with a large number of A2B receptors, the brown adipose tissue works at a higher rate. At the same time, their muscle cells consume more energy, which may indicate that they are also more active and may be more likely to be regenerated.</div>
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"Obesity is a growing problem worldwide," emphasizes Prof. Pfeifer. "Every extra pound not only increases the risk of developing diabetes, but also the risk of high blood pressure, vascular damage and therefore heart attacks and strokes. These problems are further exacerbated by muscles that shrink over the years, as they further reduce the body's energy requirements both at rest and in motion." In addition, poor muscle strength has an immense impact on the everyday life of older people, as they are increasingly restricted in their mobility.</div>
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The pharmacologists explain that the prospect of having a receptor on hand that might be able to slow down both of these age-related phenomena is therefore highly exciting. However, further research would first have to show to what extent the human mechanisms actually resemble those in mice. Additionally, there is currently no activator of A2B approved for use in humans. This means that little is known about any side effects of such a treatment. "We found no signs of adverse reactions in mice," says Pfeifer. "However, the meaningfulness of the results is, of course, also limited on this matter."</div>
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Gnad emphasizes that the success of the study is also the result of good cooperation with numerous international partners: "Nowadays, it is almost impossible to work on complex issues comprehensively without such cooperation."</div>
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<a href="https://www.uni-bonn.de/news/144-2020" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Materials</a> provided by <a href="http://www.uni-bonn.de/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">University of Bonn</strong></a>. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Note: Content may be edited for style and length.</em></div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Journal Reference</strong>:</div>
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<li style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px;">Thorsten Gnad, Gemma Navarro, Minna Lahesmaa, Laia Reverte-Salisa, Francesca Copperi, Arnau Cordomi, Jennifer Naumann, Aileen Hochhäuser, Saskia Haufs-Brusberg, Daniela Wenzel, Frank Suhr, Naja Zenius Jespersen, Camilla Scheele, Volodymyr Tsvilovskyy, Christian Brinkmann, Joern Rittweger, Christian Dani, Mathias Kranz, Winnie Deuther-Conrad, Holger K. Eltzschig, Tarja Niemi, Markku Taittonen, Peter Brust, Pirjo Nuutila, Leonardo Pardo, Bernd K. Fleischmann, Matthias Blüher, Rafael Franco, Wilhelm Bloch, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Alexander Pfeifer. <strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Adenosine/A2B Receptor Signaling Ameliorates the Effects of Aging and Counteracts Obesity</strong>. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Cell Metabolism</em>, 2020; DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2020.06.006" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">10.1016/j.cmet.2020.06.006</a></li>
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Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-37165158035507574022020-07-11T21:50:00.000+05:302020-07-11T21:50:05.292+05:30To find giant black holes, start with Jupiter<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The revolution in our understanding of the night sky and our place in the universe began when we transitioned from using the naked eye to a telescope in 1609. Four centuries later, scientists are experiencing a similar transition in their knowledge of black holes by searching for gravitational waves.</div>
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In the search for previously undetected black holes that are billions of times more massive than the sun, Stephen Taylor, assistant professor of physics and astronomy and former astronomer at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) together with the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) collaboration has moved the field of research forward by finding the precise location -- the center of gravity of our solar system -- with which to measure the gravitational waves that signal the existence of these black holes.</div>
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The potential presented by this advancement, co-authored by Taylor, was published in the journal the <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Astrophysical Journal</em> in April 2020.</div>
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Black holes are regions of pure gravity formed from extremely warped spacetime. Finding the most titanic black holes in the Universe that lurk at the heart of galaxies will help us understand how such galaxies (including our own) have grown and evolved over the billions of years since their formation. These black holes are also unrivaled laboratories for testing fundamental assumptions about physics.</div>
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Gravitational waves are ripples in spacetime predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity. When black holes orbit each other in pairs, they radiate gravitational waves that deform spacetime, stretching and squeezing space. Gravitational waves were first detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) in 2015, opening new vistas on the most extreme objects in the universe. Whereas LIGO observes relatively short gravitational waves by looking for changes in the shape of a 4-km long detector, NANOGrav, a National Science Foundation (NSF) Physics Frontiers Center, looks for changes in the shape of our entire galaxy.</div>
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Taylor and his team are searching for changes to the arrival rate of regular flashes of radio waves from pulsars. These pulsars are rapidly spinning neutron stars, some going as fast as a kitchen blender. They also send out beams of radio waves, appearing like interstellar lighthouses when these beams sweep over Earth. Over 15 years of data have shown that these pulsars are extremely reliable in their pulse arrival rates, acting as outstanding galactic clocks. Any timing deviations that are correlated across lots of these pulsars could signal the influence of gravitational waves warping our galaxy.</div>
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"Using the pulsars we observe across the Milky Way galaxy, we are trying to be like a spider sitting in stillness in the middle of her web," explains Taylor. "How well we understand the solar system barycenter is critical as we attempt to sense even the smallest tingle to the web." The solar system barycenter, its center of gravity, is the location where the masses of all planets, moons, and asteroids balance out.</div>
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Where is the center of our web, the location of absolute stillness in our solar system? Not in the center of the sun as many might assume, rather it is closer to the surface of the star. This is due to Jupiter's mass and our imperfect knowledge of its orbit. It takes 12 years for Jupiter to orbit the sun, just shy of the 15 years that NANOGrav has been collecting data. JPL's Galileo probe (named for the famed scientist that used a telescope to observe the moons of Jupiter) studied Jupiter between 1995 and 2003, but experienced technical maladies that impacted the quality of the measurements taken during the mission.</div>
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Identifying the center of the solar system's gravity has long been calculated with data from Doppler tracking to get an estimate of the location and trajectories of bodies orbiting the sun. "The catch is that errors in the masses and orbits will translate to pulsar-timing artifacts that may well look like gravitational waves," explains JPL astronomer and co-author Joe Simon.</div>
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Taylor and his collaborators were finding that working with existing solar system models to analyze NANOGrav data gave inconsistent results. "We weren't detecting anything significant in our gravitational wave searches between solar system models, but we were getting large systematic differences in our calculations," notes JPL astronomer and the paper's lead author Michele Vallisneri. "Typically, more data delivers a more precise result, but there was always an offset in our calculations."</div>
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The group decided to search for the center of gravity of the solar system at the same time as sleuthing for gravitational waves. The researchers got more robust answers to finding gravitational waves and were able to more accurately localize the center of the solar system's gravity to within 100 meters. To understand that scale, if the sun were the size of a football field, 100 meters would be the diameter of a strand of hair. "Our precise observation of pulsars scattered across the galaxy has localized ourselves in the cosmos better than we ever could before," said Taylor. "By finding gravitational waves this way, in addition to other experiments, we gain a more holistic overview of all different kinds of black holes in the Universe."</div>
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As NANOGrav continues to collect ever more abundant and precise pulsar timing data, astronomers are confident that massive black holes will show up soon and unequivocally in the data.</div>
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Taylor was partially supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at JPL. The NANOGrav project receives support from the NSF Physics Frontier Center award #1430284 and this work was supported in part by NSF Grant PHYS-1066293 and by the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics. Data for this project were collected using the facilities of the Green Bank Observatory and the Arecibo Observatory.</div>
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<a href="http://news.vanderbilt.edu/2020/06/30/to-find-giant-black-holes-start-with-jupiter/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Materials</a> provided by <a href="https://www.vanderbilt.edu/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Vanderbilt University</strong></a>. Original written by Marissa Shapiro. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Note: Content may be edited for style and length.</em></div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Journal Reference</strong>:</div>
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<li style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px;">M. Vallisneri, S. R. Taylor, J. Simon, W. M. Folkner, R. S. Park, C. Cutler, J. A. Ellis, T. J. W. Lazio, S. J. Vigeland, K. Aggarwal, Z. Arzoumanian, P. T. Baker, A. Brazier, P. R. Brook, S. Burke-Spolaor, S. Chatterjee, J. M. Cordes, N. J. Cornish, F. Crawford, H. T. Cromartie, K. Crowter, M. DeCesar, P. B. Demorest, T. Dolch, R. D. Ferdman, E. C. Ferrara, E. Fonseca, N. Garver-Daniels, P. Gentile, D. Good, J. S. Hazboun, A. M. Holgado, E. A. Huerta, K. Islo, R. Jennings, G. Jones, M. L. Jones, D. L. Kaplan, L. Z. Kelley, J. S. Key, M. T. Lam, L. Levin, D. R. Lorimer, J. Luo, R. S. Lynch, D. R. Madison, M. A. McLaughlin, S. T. McWilliams, C. M. F. Mingarelli, C. Ng, D. J. Nice, T. T. Pennucci, N. S. Pol, S. M. Ransom, P. S. Ray, X. Siemens, R. Spiewak, I. H. Stairs, D. R. Stinebring, K. Stovall, J. K. Swiggum, R. van Haasteren, C. A. Witt, W. W. Zhu. <strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Modeling the Uncertainties of Solar System Ephemerides for Robust Gravitational-wave Searches with Pulsar-timing Arrays</strong>. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">The Astrophysical Journal</em>, 2020; 893 (2): 112 DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab7b67" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">10.3847/1538-4357/ab7b67</a></li>
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Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-19794684588869537792020-07-11T21:47:00.000+05:302020-07-11T21:47:12.797+05:30The best material for homemade face masks may be a combination of two fabrics<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The best material for homemade face masks</div>
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In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that people wear masks in public. Because N95 and surgical masks are scarce and should be reserved for health care workers, many people are making their own coverings. Now, researchers report in <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">ACS Nano</em> that a combination of cotton with natural silk or chiffon can effectively filter out aerosol particles -- if the fit is good.</div>
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SARS-CoV-2, the new coronavirus that causes COVID-19, is thought to spread mainly through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, speaks or breathes. These droplets form in a wide range of sizes, but the tiniest ones, called aerosols, can easily slip through the openings between certain cloth fibers, leading some people to question whether cloth masks can actually help prevent disease. Therefore, Supratik Guha at the University of Chicago and colleagues wanted to study the ability of common fabrics, alone or in combination, to filter out aerosols similar in size to respiratory droplets.</div>
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The researchers used an aerosol mixing chamber to produce particles ranging from 10 nm to 6 μm in diameter. A fan blew the aerosol across various cloth samples at an airflow rate corresponding to a person's respiration at rest, and the team measured the number and size of particles in air before and after passing through the fabric. One layer of a tightly woven cotton sheet combined with two layers of polyester-spandex chiffon -- a sheer fabric often used in evening gowns -- filtered out the most aerosol particles (80-99%, depending on particle size), with performance close to that of an N95 mask material. Substituting the chiffon with natural silk or flannel, or simply using a cotton quilt with cotton-polyester batting, produced similar results. The researchers point out that tightly woven fabrics, such as cotton, can act as a mechanical barrier to particles, whereas fabrics that hold a static charge, like certain types of chiffon and natural silk, serve as an electrostatic barrier. However, a 1% gap reduced the filtering efficiency of all masks by half or more, emphasizing the importance of a properly fitted mask.</div>
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The authors acknowledge use of the U.S. Department of Energy's Center for Nanoscale Materials user facility at Argonne National Laboratory and funding from the U.S. Department of Defense's Vannevar Bush Fellowship.</div>
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<a href="https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/newsreleases/2020/april/the-best-material-for-homemade-face-masks-may-be-a-combination-of-two-fabrics.html" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Materials</a> provided by <a href="http://www.acs.org/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">American Chemical Society</strong></a>. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Note: Content may be edited for style and length.</em></div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Journal Reference</strong>:</div>
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<li style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px;">Abhiteja Konda, Abhinav Prakash, Gregory A. Moss, Michael Schmoldt, Gregory D. Grant, Supratik Guha. <strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Aerosol Filtration Efficiency of Common Fabrics Used in Respiratory Cloth Masks</strong>. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">ACS Nano</em>, 2020; DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c03252" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">10.1021/acsnano.0c03252</a></li>
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Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-22871388319824414672020-07-08T10:51:00.002+05:302020-07-08T10:51:27.189+05:30Newer variant of COVID-19-causing virus dominates global infections<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Newer variant of COVID-19</div>
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Research out today in the journal <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Cell</em> shows that a specific change in the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus virus genome, previously associated with increased viral transmission and the spread of COVID-19, is more infectious in cell culture. The variant in question, D614G, makes a small but effective change in the virus's 'Spike' protein, which the virus uses to enter human cells.</div>
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Bette Korber, a theoretical biologist at Los Alamos National Laboratory and lead author of the study, noted, "The D614G variant first came to our attention in early April, as we had observed a strikingly repetitive pattern. All over the world, even when local epidemics had many cases of the original form circulating, soon after the D614G variant was introduced into a region it became the prevalent form."</div>
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Geographic information from samples from the GISAID COVID-19 viral sequence database enabled tracking of this highly recurrent pattern, a shift in the viral population from the original form to the D614G variant. This occurred at every geographic level: country, subcountry, county, and city.</div>
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Two independent lines of experimental evidence that support these initial results are included in today's paper. These additional experiments, led by Professor Erica Ollmann Saphire, Ph.D., at the La Jolla Institute, and by Professor David Montefiori, Ph.D., at Duke University, showed that the D614G change increases the virus's infectivity in the laboratory. These new experiments, as well as more extensive sequence and clinical data and improved statistical models, are presented in the <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Cell</em> paper. More in vivo work remains to be done to determine the full implications of the change.</div>
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The SARS-CoV-2 virus has a low mutation rate overall (much lower than the viruses that cause influenza and HIV-AIDS). The D614G variant appears as part of a set of four linked mutations that appear to have arisen once and then moved together around the world as a consistent set of variations.</div>
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"It's remarkable to me," commented Will Fischer of Los Alamos, an author on the study, "both that this increase in infectivity was detected by careful observation of sequence data alone, and that our experimental colleagues could confirm it with live virus in such a short time."</div>
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Fortunately, "the clinical data in this paper from Sheffield showed that even though patients with the new G virus carried more copies of the virus than patients infected with D, there wasn't a corresponding increase in the severity of illness," said Saphire, who leads the Gates Foundation-supported Coronavirus Immunotherapy Consortium (CoVIC).</div>
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Korber noted, "These findings suggest that the newer form of the virus may be even more readily transmitted than the original form -- whether or not that conclusion is ultimately confirmed, it highlights the value of what were already good ideas: to wear masks and to maintain social distancing."</div>
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Research partners from Los Alamos National Laboratory, Duke University, and the University of Sheffield initially published work on this analysis on the bioRxiv site in an April 2020 preprint. That work also included observations of COVID-19 patients from Sheffield that suggested an association of the D614G variant with higher viral loads in the upper respiratory tract.</div>
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"It is possible to track SARS-CoV-2 evolution globally because researchers worldwide are rapidly making their viral sequence data available through the GISAID viral sequence database," Korber said. Currently tens of thousands of sequences are available through this project, and this enabled Korber and the research team to identify the emergence of the D614G variant.</div>
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GISAID was established to encourage collaboration among influenza researchers, but early in the epidemic the consortium established a SARS-CoV-2 database, which soon became the de facto standard for sharing outbreak sequences among researchers worldwide.</div>
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The study, "Tracking changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: evidence that D614G increases infectivity of the COVID-19 virus" was supported by the Medical Research Council (MRC) part of UK Research & Innovation (UKRI the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR); Genome Research Limited, operating as the Wellcome Sanger Institute; CoVIC, INV-006133 of the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator, supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Mastercard, Wellcome; private philanthropic support, as well as the Overton family; a FastGrant, from Emergent Ventures, in aid of COVID-19 research; and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Interagency Agreement No. AAI12007-001-00000, and the Los Alamos Laboratory Directed Research and Development program.</div>
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Additional study authors included S. Gnanakaran, H. Yoon, J. Theiler, W. Abfalterer, N. Hengartner, E.E. Giorgi, T. Bhattacharya, B. Foley, K.M. Hastie, M.D. Parker, D.G. Partridge, C.M. Evans, T.M. Freeman, T.I. de Silva, C. McDanal, L.G. Perez, H. Tang, A. Moon-Walker, S.P. Whelan, C.C. LaBranche.</div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Story Source:</strong></div>
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<a href="https://www.lanl.gov/discover/news-release-archive/2020/July/0702-newer-variant-covid-dominates-infections.php" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Materials</a> provided by <a href="http://www.lanl.gov/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">DOE/Los Alamos National Laboratory</strong></a>. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Note: Content may be edited for style and length.</em></div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Journal Reference</strong>:</div>
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<li style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px;">B. Korber, W.M. Fischer, S. Gnanakaran, H. Yoon, J. Theiler, W. Abfalterer, N. Hengartner, E.E. Giorgi, T. Bhattacharya, B. Foley, K.M. Hastie, M.D. Parker, D.G. Partridge, C.M. Evans, T.M. Freeman, T.I. de Silva, C. McDanal, L.G. Perez, H. Tang, A. Moon-Walker, S.P. Whelan, C.C. LaBranche, E.O. Saphire, D.C. Montefiori, on behalf of theSheffield COVID-19 Genomics Group. <strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Tracking changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: evidence that D614G increases infectivity of the COVID-19 virus</strong>. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Cell</em>, July 2, 2020; DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.043" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.043</a></li>
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Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-85981841456110602262020-07-03T23:14:00.000+05:302020-07-03T23:18:13.108+05:30Bollywood in shock<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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9 Big Things That Happened in Bollywood During The Coronavirus Lockdown</h1>
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The film and the TV industry turned upside down during the coronavirus lockdown. Here's the list of the incidents that happened during this lockdown that will never let you forget this disturbing phase.</h2>
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<img alt="9 Big Things That Happened in Bollywood During The Coronavirus Lockdown" class="lazy data-lazy-ready" data-lazy-src="https://static.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/1200x800.jpg" data-lazy-type="image" height="213" src="https://static.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/1200x800.jpg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0090cc; display: block; height: auto; outline: 0px; width: 701px;" title="9 Big Things That Happened in Bollywood During The Coronavirus Lockdown" width="320" /><br />
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<figcaption class="postImg_txt" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; margin: 5px 0px 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;">From L-R/ Rishi Kapoor/ Zaira Wasim, Priyanka Chopra, Irrfan Khan, Rana Daggubati with Miheeka Bajaj</figcaption></div>
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The two months of the coronavirus <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/lockdown/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">lockdown</a> that the Indian government imposed to curb the increasing infection of <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/covid-19/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">COVID-19</a> saw the industry turning upside down. Apart from the financial loss and looking ahead at an uncertain future, the industry witnessed huge emotional losses also. Here’s the list of the nine big things that happened in Bollywood during the lockdown that make us difficult to move past this dreadful phase: <span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #1166d8; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;">Also Read - <a href="https://www.india.com/lifestyle/impact-of-covid-19-on-fashion-industry-how-are-weavers-and-tailors-surviving-designer-duo-saaksha-and-kinni-reveal-all-4028849/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Impact of COVID-19 on Fashion Industry: How Are Weavers And Tailors Surviving? Designer Duo Saaksha And Kinni Reveal All</a></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">1. Zoa Morani-Kiran Kumar tested positive for the coronavirus</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #1166d8; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;">Also Read - <a href="https://www.india.com/entertainment/bollywood-news-impact-of-covid-19-on-bollywood-when-can-theatres-re-open-how-big-is-loss-and-is-ott-a-permanent-solution-experts-speak-4026979/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Impact of COVID-19 on Bollywood: When Can Theatres re-open, How Big is Loss And is OTT a Permanent Solution? Experts Speak</a></span></div>
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<img alt="Zoa Morani's family picture" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-4003683" class="size-full wp-image-4003683" height="189" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" src="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/zoa-morani-karim-morani-family-picture-main.jpg" srcset="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/zoa-morani-karim-morani-family-picture-main.jpg 700w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/zoa-morani-karim-morani-family-picture-main-415x246.jpg 415w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0090cc; display: block; height: auto; outline: 0px; width: 701px;" width="320" /><br />
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Zoa Morani, Karim Morani, Shaza Morani and Zara Morani (Photo Courtesy: Instagram/@zoamorani)</div>
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In late March, actor <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/zoa-morani/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Zoa Morani</a>, her sister Shaza Morani and father, producer Karim Morani were found infected with COVID-19. Later, in May, veteran actor <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/kiran-kumar/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Kiran Kumar</a> also contracted the virus. However, all of them recovered and emerged as winners in their battle against the virus. At the beginning of April, singer<a href="https://www.india.com/topic/kanika-kapoor/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"> Kanika Kapoor</a>, who was found COVID-19 positive before the lockdown was announced, also got recovered. <span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #1166d8; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px;">Also Read - <a href="https://www.india.com/entertainment/irrfan-khan-in-2016-interview-the-day-audience-come-to-see-me-and-not-my-film-that-day-will-be-my-death-4014399/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Irrfan Khan in 2016 Interview: The Day Audience Comes To See Me And Not My Film, That Day Will Be My Death</a></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">2. Irrfan Khan passed away</span></div>
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<img alt="Irrfan Khan Donated For COVID-19 Patients But Didn't Want Anyone to Know, His Friend From Jaipur Reveals All" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-4043164" class="size-full wp-image-4043164" height="213" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" src="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/irrfan-khan-donated-for-covid-19-patients-before-dying-main.jpg" srcset="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/irrfan-khan-donated-for-covid-19-patients-before-dying-main.jpg 1200w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/irrfan-khan-donated-for-covid-19-patients-before-dying-main-369x246.jpg 369w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/irrfan-khan-donated-for-covid-19-patients-before-dying-main-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/irrfan-khan-donated-for-covid-19-patients-before-dying-main-1024x683.jpg 1024w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0090cc; display: block; height: auto; outline: 0px; width: 701px;" width="320" /><br />
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Late Irrfan Khan (Photo Courtesy: IANS)</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">3. Rishi Kapoor passed away</span></div>
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<img alt="rishi kapoor last film sharmaji namkeen to have a theatre release main" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-4022882" class="size-full wp-image-4022882" height="189" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" src="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/rishi-kapoor-last-film-sharmaji-namkeen-to-have-a-theatre-release-main.jpg" srcset="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/rishi-kapoor-last-film-sharmaji-namkeen-to-have-a-theatre-release-main.jpg 700w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/rishi-kapoor-last-film-sharmaji-namkeen-to-have-a-theatre-release-main-415x246.jpg 415w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0090cc; display: block; height: auto; outline: 0px; width: 700.99px;" width="320" /><br />
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Rishi Kapoor (Photo Courtesy: IANS)</div>
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Just a day after Irrfan Khan passed away, veteran actor <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/rishi-kapoor/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Rishi Kapoor</a> also breathed his last at Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital on April 30. The fans had not even absorbed the news of Irrfan passing away when the photos of a grieving Neetu Kapoor and Alia Bhatt surfaced over news channels.</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">4. Actors committed suicide</span></div>
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<img alt="Preksha Mehta And Manmeet Grewal Suicide: Doctors Explain Why COVID-19 is Worst Time For People With Anxiety And Suicidal Tendencies" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-4042316" class="size-full wp-image-4042316" height="213" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" src="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/preksha-mehta-manmeet-grewal-suicide-main-1.jpg" srcset="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/preksha-mehta-manmeet-grewal-suicide-main-1.jpg 1200w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/preksha-mehta-manmeet-grewal-suicide-main-1-369x246.jpg 369w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/preksha-mehta-manmeet-grewal-suicide-main-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/preksha-mehta-manmeet-grewal-suicide-main-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0090cc; display: block; height: auto; outline: 0px; width: 700.99px;" width="320" /><br />
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Manmeet Grewal/ Preksha Mehta (File Photo/ Instagram-@iamprekshamehta)</div>
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While the lockdown was intended to make the most of your time at home and spend quality moments with your loved ones, for some, it became a reason to trigger anxiety and mental illness. In May, two TV actors committed suicides out of depression. Actor <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/manmeet-grewal/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Manmeet Grewal</a> hanged himself to a ceiling fan after living under financial stress and no work due to lockdown. Actor <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/preksha-mehta/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Preksha Mehta</a>, too, did the same and in her suicide note mentioned that she was fed up from her life.</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">5. Kartik Aaryan posted a video promoting domestic violence</span></div>
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<img alt="" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-4007457" class="size-full wp-image-4007457" height="189" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" src="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/pjimage-2-29.jpg" srcset="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/pjimage-2-29.jpg 700w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/pjimage-2-29-415x246.jpg 415w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0090cc; display: block; height: auto; outline: 0px; width: 700.99px;" width="320" /><br />
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Kartik Aaryan and his sister in a still from the video</div>
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Kartik Aaryan was one of the popular Bollywood celebrities who kept himself available on social media to entertain fans during the lockdown. He kept posting videos about his lifestyle during the lockdown and how he has been managing at home with his mother and sister. However, one video that he posted on Instagram landed him in trouble. He probably was too naive to realise that when he showed himself pulling his sister’s hair and pretending to throw her out of the balcony after she didn’t cook as per his expectations, he was actually encouraging domestic violence. As he received the backlash, <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/kartik-aaryan/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Kartik</a> deleted the video.</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">6. Rana Daggubati-Miheeka Bajaj’s wedding announcement</span></div>
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<img alt="Rana Daggubati-Miheeka Bajaj's Wedding Postponed Amid Rising COVID-19 Cases in Hyderabad?" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-4054736" class="size-full wp-image-4054736" height="213" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" src="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/rana-daggubati-miheeka-bajaj-wedding-postponed-main.jpg" srcset="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/rana-daggubati-miheeka-bajaj-wedding-postponed-main.jpg 1200w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/rana-daggubati-miheeka-bajaj-wedding-postponed-main-369x246.jpg 369w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/rana-daggubati-miheeka-bajaj-wedding-postponed-main-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/rana-daggubati-miheeka-bajaj-wedding-postponed-main-1024x683.jpg 1024w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0090cc; display: block; height: auto; outline: 0px; width: 700.99px;" width="320" /><br />
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Rana Daggubati and Miheeka Bajaj (Photo Courtesy: Instagram/@ranadaggubati)</div>
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In the middle of the lockdown, South star <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/rana-daggubati/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Rana Daggubati</a> announced that he was getting married to girlfriend Miheeka Bajaj. The families organised an official Roka ceremony and the pictures of the same went viral on social media. Rana and Miheeka looked great together and their happy pictures brought a sense of smile on the faces of many fans. The duo will be getting married in August this year.</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">7. Nawazuddin Siddiqui’s personal life in the news</span></div>
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<img alt="Nawazuddin Siddiqui's Estranged Wife Aaliya Siddiqui Makes New Twitter Posts About Suffering, Silence And Success" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-4042644" class="size-full wp-image-4042644" height="213" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" src="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/nawazuddin-siddiqui-divorce-case-update-main.jpg" srcset="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/nawazuddin-siddiqui-divorce-case-update-main.jpg 1200w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/nawazuddin-siddiqui-divorce-case-update-main-369x246.jpg 369w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/nawazuddin-siddiqui-divorce-case-update-main-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/nawazuddin-siddiqui-divorce-case-update-main-1024x683.jpg 1024w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0090cc; display: block; height: auto; outline: 0px; width: 700.99px;" width="320" /><br />
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Nawazuddin Siddiqui with Aaliya Siddiqui and daughter Shora Siddiqui (Photo Courtesy: Instagram/@aaliyansy)</div>
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Actor Nawazuddin Siddiqui’s wife <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/aaliya-siddiqui/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Aaliya Siddiqui</a> sent him a divorce notice in May alleging that he has been an absent father and an irresponsible husband who also cheated on her and insulted her in front of his friends from the industry. Later, the actor’s niece came out to accuse <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/nawazuddin-siddiqui/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Nawaz’s</a> younger brother Minazuddin Siddiqui of sexual harassment and attempt to rape.</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">8.</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Zaira Wasim made a controversial tweet </span></div>
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<img alt="Zaira Wasim Trends on Twitter as She Deletes Twitter-Instagram After Using a Quran Verse to Allegedly Justify Locust Attack" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-4043741" class="size-full wp-image-4043741" height="213" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" src="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/zaira-wasim-twitter-trend-leaves-instagram-twitter-main.jpg" srcset="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/zaira-wasim-twitter-trend-leaves-instagram-twitter-main.jpg 1200w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/zaira-wasim-twitter-trend-leaves-instagram-twitter-main-369x246.jpg 369w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/zaira-wasim-twitter-trend-leaves-instagram-twitter-main-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/zaira-wasim-twitter-trend-leaves-instagram-twitter-main-1024x683.jpg 1024w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0090cc; display: block; height: auto; outline: 0px; width: 700.99px;" width="320" /><br />
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Zaira Wasim (File Photo)</div>
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The former actor is now popular for speaking her mind on social media. After asking the followers to not shower her with praises for her views on issues, <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/zaira-wasim/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Zaira</a> quoted a verse from the holy Quran to allegedly justify the locust attacks and the floods in the country. The <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Dangal</em> actor came under the ire of many social media users who alleged that she was using religion to justify her bigotry.</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">10. Priyanka Chopra deemed a hypocrite for supporting black lives matter</span></div>
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<img alt="George Floyd's Killing: Priyanka Chopra Writes a Strong Message - 'No One Deserves to Die Because of Skin Colour'" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-4043926" class="size-full wp-image-4043926" height="213" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" src="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/priyanka-chopra-george-floyd-instagram-post-main.jpg" srcset="https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/priyanka-chopra-george-floyd-instagram-post-main.jpg 1200w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/priyanka-chopra-george-floyd-instagram-post-main-369x246.jpg 369w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/priyanka-chopra-george-floyd-instagram-post-main-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.india.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/priyanka-chopra-george-floyd-instagram-post-main-1024x683.jpg 1024w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0090cc; display: block; height: auto; outline: 0px; width: 700.99px;" width="320" /><br />
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Priyanka Chopra/ a creative made for George Floyd (Photo Courtesy: Instagram-@priyankachopra/ @iamcardib)</div>
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Towards the end of the lockdown in India, a huge movement shaped up in America and then slowly spread through the rest of the world. This was Americans demanding justice for the murder of <a href="https://www.india.com/topic/george-floyd/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0784d3; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">George Floyd</a>, a black citizen in the US who was pinned down by the neck and murdered by a policeman. As Priyanka Chopra Jonas, who’s married to American citizen Nick Jonas, participated in the protests and talked about #BlackLivesMatter on social media, she had to face the wrath of people from India where people questioned her for endorsing the fairness creams in her own country.</div>
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Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-10382066554721032962020-05-20T12:01:00.003+05:302020-06-28T12:17:36.421+05:30Dynamic stimulation of the visual cortex allows blind and sighted people to 'see' shapes<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-size: small;">Dynamic stimulation of the visual cortex allows blind and sighted people to 'see' shapes</span></h1>
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For most adults who lose their vision, blindness results from damage to the eyes or optic nerve while the brain remains intact. For decades, researchers have proposed developing a device that could restore sight by bypassing damaged eyes and delivering visual information from a camera directly to the brain. In a paper publishing in the journal <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Cell</em> on May 14, a team of investigators at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston report that they are one step closer to this goal. They describe an approach in which implanted electrodes are stimulated in a dynamic sequence, essentially "tracing" shapes on the surface of the visual cortex that participants were able to "see."</div>
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"When we used electrical stimulation to dynamically trace letters directly on patients' brains, they were able to 'see' the intended letter shapes and could correctly identify different letters," senior author Daniel Yoshor says. "They described seeing glowing spots or lines forming the letters, like skywriting."</div>
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Previous attempts to stimulate the visual cortex have been less successful. Earlier methods treated each electrode like a pixel in a visual display, stimulating many of them at the same time. Participants could detect spots of light but found it hard to discern visual objects or forms. "Rather than trying to build shapes from multiple spots of light, we traced outlines," says first author Michael Beauchamp. "Our inspiration for this was the idea of tracing a letter in the palm of someone's hand."</div>
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The investigators tested the approach in four sighted people who had electrodes implanted in their brains to monitor epilepsy and two blind people who had electrodes implanted over their visual cortex as part of a study of a visual cortical prosthetic device. Stimulation of multiple electrodes in sequences produced perceptions of shapes that subjects were able to correctly identify as specific letters.</div>
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The approach, the researchers say, demonstrates that it could be possible for blind people to regain the ability to detect and recognize visual forms by using technology that inputs visual information directly into the brain, should they wish to. The researchers note, however, that several obstacles must be overcome before this technology could be implemented in clinical practice.</div>
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"The primary visual cortex, where the electrodes were implanted, contains half a billion neurons. In this study we stimulated only a small fraction of these neurons with a handful of electrodes," Beauchamp says. "An important next step will be to work with neuroengineers to develop electrode arrays with thousands of electrodes, allowing us to stimulate more precisely. Together with new hardware, improved stimulation algorithms will help realize the dream of delivering useful visual information to blind people."</div>
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Materials provided by <a href="http://www.cellpress.com/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Cell Press</strong></a>. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Note: Content may be edited for style and length.</em></div>
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<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Journal Reference</strong>:</div>
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Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4963454660912439792.post-63287564062900610642020-05-20T11:58:00.000+05:302020-06-28T11:51:25.062+05:30Our ability to focus may falter after eating one meal high in saturated fat<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Our ability to focus may falter after eating one meal high in saturated fat</div>
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Fatty food may feel like a friend during these troubled times, but new research suggests that eating just one meal high in saturated fat can hinder our ability to concentrate -- not great news for people whose diets have gone south while they're working at home during the COVID-19 pandemic.</div>
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The study compared how 51 women performed on a test of their attention after they ate either a meal high in saturated fat or the same meal made with sunflower oil, which is high in unsaturated fat.</div>
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Their performance on the test was worse after eating the high-saturated-fat meal than after they ate the meal containing a healthier fat, signaling a link between that fatty food and the brain.</div>
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Researchers were also looking at whether a condition called leaky gut, which allows intestinal bacteria to enter the bloodstream, had any effect on concentration. Participants with leakier guts performed worse on the attention assessment no matter which meal they had eaten.</div>
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The loss of focus after a single meal was eye-opening for the researchers.</div>
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"Most prior work looking at the causative effect of the diet has looked over a period of time. And this was just one meal -- it's pretty remarkable that we saw a difference," said Annelise Madison, lead author of the study and a graduate student in clinical psychology at The Ohio State University.</div>
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Madison also noted that the meal made with sunflower oil, while low in saturated fat, still contained a lot of dietary fat.</div>
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"Because both meals were high-fat and potentially problematic, the high-saturated-fat meal's cognitive effect could be even greater if it were compared to a lower-fat meal," she said.</div>
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The study is published in the <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">American Journal of Clinical Nutrition</em>.</div>
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Madison works in the lab of Janice Kiecolt-Glaser, professor of psychiatry and psychology and director of the Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research at Ohio State. For this work, Madison conducted a secondary analysis of data from Kiecolt-Glaser's study assessing whether high-fat meals increased fatigue and inflammation among cancer survivors.</div>
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Women in the study completed a baseline assessment of their attention during a morning visit to the lab. The tool, called a continuous performance test, is a measure of sustained attention, concentration and reaction time based on 10 minutes of computer-based activities.</div>
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The high-fat meal followed: eggs, biscuits, turkey sausage and gravy containing 60 grams of fat, either a palmitic acid-based oil high in saturated fat or the lower-saturated-fat sunflower oil. Both meals totaled 930 calories and were designed to mimic the contents of various fast-food meals such as a Burger King double whopper with cheese or a McDonald's Big Mac and medium fries.</div>
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Five hours later, the women took the continuous performance test again. Between one and four weeks later, they repeated these steps, eating the opposite meal of what they had eaten on the first visit.</div>
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Researchers also analyzed participants' fasting baseline blood samples to determine whether they contained an inflammatory molecule that signals the presence of endotoxemia -- the toxin that escapes from the intestines and enters the bloodstream when the gut barrier is compromised.</div>
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After eating the meal high in saturated fat, all of the participating women were, on average, 11 percent less able to detect target stimuli in the attention assessment. Concentration lapses were also apparent in the women with signs of leaky gut: Their response times were more erratic and they were less able to sustain their attention during the 10-minute test.</div>
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"If the women had high levels of endotoxemia, it also wiped out the between-meal differences. They were performing poorly no matter what type of fat they ate," Madison said.</div>
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Though the study didn't determine what was going on in the brain, Madison said previous research has suggested that food high in saturated fat can drive up inflammation throughout the body, and possibly the brain. Fatty acids also can cross the blood-brain barrier.</div>
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"It could be that fatty acids are interacting with the brain directly. What it does show is the power of gut-related dysregulation," she said.</div>
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The statistical analysis accounted for other potential influences on cognition, including depressive symptoms and the participants' average dietary saturated fat consumption. The women in the study ate three standardized meals and fasted for 12 hours before each lab visit to reduce diet variations that could affect their physiological response to the high-fat meals.</div>
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The findings suggest concentration could be even more impaired in people stressed by the pandemic who are turning to fatty foods for comfort, Kiecolt-Glaser said.</div>
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"What we know is that when people are more anxious, a good subset of us will find high-saturated-fat food more enticing than broccoli," she said. "We know from other research that depression and anxiety can interfere with concentration and attention as well. When we add that on top of the high-fat meal, we could expect the real-world effects to be even larger."</div>
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This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health.</div>
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Additional co-authors, all from Ohio State, included Martha Belury, Rebecca Andridge, M. Rosie Shrout, Megan Renna, William Malarkey and Michael Bailey.</div>
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<a href="https://news.osu.edu/our-ability-to-focus-may-falter-after-eating-one-meal-high-in-saturated-fat/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Materials</a> provided by <a href="https://www.osu.edu/" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Ohio State University</strong></a>. Original written by Emily Caldwell. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Note: Content may be edited for style and length.</em></div>
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<div style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Journal Reference</strong>:</div>
<ol class="journal" style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding-left: 20px;">
<li style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px;">Janice K Kiecolt-Glaser, Michael T Bailey, William B Malarkey, Megan E Renna, M Rosie Shrout, Rebecca Andridge, Martha A Belury, Annelise A Madison. <strong style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">Afternoon distraction: a high-saturated-fat meal and endotoxemia impact postmeal attention in a randomized crossover trial</strong>. <em style="border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box;">The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition</em>, 2020; DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa085" rel="nofollow" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 0px !important; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4c7a9f; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">10.1093/ajcn/nqaa085</a></li>
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Yashvir Singhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13652795730631313555noreply@blogger.com0